Thursday, March 21, 2019

Articles practices sheet

Articles practices for SSC/HSC Exam


            
             

1.     Use articles where necessary. Use a cross (X) where an article is not needed.                                                                                                    
(a)……Bengali, the 7 th language among (b)….important languages of (c)….world, is our mother tongue. Its present status is not (d)….result of (e)….effort of (f)….single year or of (g)….century. It belongs to an Aryan family. Its (h)…origin is from (i)….Satam branch of (j)…Indo-European parents’ speech.                                                                                                   
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
2.     Use articles where necessary. Use a cross (X) where an article is not needed.                                                                                                     
(a)-----Bangladesh is (b)------land of rivers. These are (c)-----blessing of Almighty Allah and pride to us. They are closely related to our economy and (d)----prosperity of our (e)---country. Our is (f)—
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
3. Use articles where necessary. Use a cross (X) where an article is not needed.                                                                                                     
(a)-------discipline is seen in (a)------nature. Every morning (c)-----sun rises in (d)-----east, day follows (e)------night, birds sing and (f)-----plants blossom. Everywhere in (g)----nature, there is (h)---harmony. If there were no discipline in (i)------nature, there would have been (j)------chaos everywhere.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
4.     Use articles where necessary. Use a cross (X) where an article is not needed.                                                                                                     
(a)---Kamal has an uncle in (a)------Dhaka. He is (b)----engineer. He works in (c)-----European firm. He is (d)------important figures in (e)-----firm. He is not only (f)---industries but (g)-----honest man. He hates the idle because he knows that (h)-----industrious prosper in life. On (i)-----other hand (j)—lazy suffer in life.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
5.     Use articles where necessary. Use a cross (X) where an article is not needed.                                                                                                    
(a)-------moon always awakens in our hearts(b)------feeling (c)------of love and tenderness.(d)------moon has furnished (e)------they use for poets and artists ever since (f)-----stirring of (g)----poetic faculty in men.(h)-----soft and silvery brightness of the moon which (i)-----waves her to charm us is (j)----light of the sun.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
6.     Use articles where necessary. Use a cross (X) where an article is not needed.                                                                                                    
(a)-----morning walk is a good habit for all classes of people. It is (b)-----simple exercise and good for health and (c)------mentality. In the morning (d)-----air is fresh and free from any kind of noise and pollution. This pure (e)------environment makes an active effect on (f)-----walkers health and mind. When (g)----man enjoys (h)-----beauties and solemnity of (i)-----nature in (j)-----morning.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
7.     (a) -----thing of beauty is (b)-----joy for ever.(c)-------flower is a beautiful (d)-------thing. Everybody likes (e)-------flower. But it is a matter for sorrow (f)-------flower is very much short lived. The rose is (g)------best of all flowers. It is also short lived.(h)-------beauty of (i)------rose charms all. Its sweet smell drows . (j)-------attention of others.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
8.     (a)------teacher is compared with (b)-----architecture. He is called the architect of a nation. He teaches (c)------illiterate. He is (d)-----light in deep(e)------darkness. But unfortunately (f)-----teachers are not held in due respect. They lead (g)------humble life. They live in (h)----midst of want. Yet they keep (i)-----light of education at (j)------cost of their own lives.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……


9.     Money cannot but (a)—happiness. Money is (b)—must for our life. But it is not (c)—to bring our happiness. Happiness is absolutely (d)—psychological things. It is (e)—name of (f)—feeling. If means the contentment of the mind. He who is (g)—satisfied with what he gets and content with his life is (h)—really happy. Happiness cannot be purchased with (i)—only. No doubt, only has got something to do with (j)—happiness but it cannot give us happiness.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
10.  A true friend is (a)…..asset. He stands by his (b)……..friend in time of danger. He is not (c)----- --greedy man. He always wishes for (d)…….welfare of his friend. But it is (e)--------matter of (f)--------fact that (g)-------ideal friend is very rare today.(h)------selfish man cannot be (i)-------true friend. He thinks of his own (j)-------interest.    
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
11.  Akbar (a)—great was one of (b)—greatest emperors of India who ruled this subcontinent for more than 50 years. He was not only (c)—great ruler but also (d)—man of wisdom. Among all (e)—Mughal rulers he was (f)—best.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
12.  (a) -----ant is (b)-------industrious insect. No other insect is as industrious as (c)----ant. If we open (d)------pages of history, we shall see that (e)------men who have become great were (f)-----industrious .(g)-------industrious are liked by all. On (h)-----other hand (i)-----idle are hated by all. So, industry is (j)-----must to prosper in life.
13.  Bangladesh is (a)-- --independent country. But nobody made (b)- ----gift of independence to us. It was (c)-----province of (d)------Pakistan in the name of East Pakistani rulers treated East Pakistan as (f)-----colony of West Pakistan in (g)------name of Pakistan and deprived us of our due share.(h)-----Pakistani army brutally cracked down upon (i)-----innocent people of East Pakistan.(j)-------people took arms.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
14.  Bangladesh is (a)….small country but she has a large (b)…..population. She lies in (c)…..South Asia on (d)….Bay of Bengal. Once Bangladesh was not (e)….Independent country. Now she is (f)……free country.(g)….country is cris-crossed by so many occupation of (j)….people of Bangladesh.              
        Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
15.  Begging is not at all (a)—employment. It is (b)—charity of (c)—others. It does not give anything good to (d)—society. It does not develop (e)—man’s ability or will to be self-reliant. It makes (f)—man devoid of any sense of self-respect. Those who live by begging cannot claim any dignity in (g)—society. It is regarded as (h)—slurs (i)—curse to the society. It is (j)—most disgraceful and disreputable means of living.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
16.  Hazrat Omar (R) was (a)-------second Caliph of Islam. He was (b)-------honest Caliph. He used to lead a humble (c)-------life.He used to go and see the condition of (d)-------subjects with his own eyes. At dead of night he would walk(e)-------streets of Medina. One night while walking he heard (f)------sound of crying .(g)---------sound was coming from(h)-------hut. He went near(i)------hut. He saw an aged woman boiling something in the open(i)-------pot. He wanted to know the reason of her crying.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
17.  (a)-------deal student is an asset to any country. He gets up early in (b)-----morning. He is (c)-----boy of good manners and character. He (d)------student of high thinking and plain living. In fact, he is (e)----example for others to follow.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……


18.  Dhaka stand on (a)------Buriganga. It is (b)-----old city. It is a populous (c)------city. People of different religions live in (d)-----city. Their occupation is not (e)-----same. There is (f)-----Engineering University and Agricultural University in (g)-----Dhaka.(h)------Zoo and (i)-----National Museum are famous.(j)-------Engineering University is also famous.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
19.  Dowry means property or money brought by a bride to her (a)—husband. During marriage ceremony (b)—section of greedy people claim much wealth or money from (c)—guardians of the brides. (d)—poor illiterate girls become (e)—victims of dowry. If(f)—guardians fail to fulfill. (g)—demand of (h)—bridegroom. The brides are maltreated. So, the poor cannot think of marriage of their daughters. It is (i)—social curse. This curse can be eliminated by changing the outlook of people specially the male (j)—members.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
20.  Education is one of (a)…..basic needs of (b)------a human being.(c)…..poor socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people’s inaccessibility to (d)……education. If all the people were educated, they could live (e)…..healthy and planned (f)…..life. It enhances our ability to raise crops, store food, protect (g)------environment and carry out our social responsibilities. it is only education which can help us to adopt (h)------rational attitude. It provides us with (i)…….enlightened awareness about things and this awareness is (j)-----prerequisite for social development.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
21.  Electronic mail is (a)--- -- --modern method of instant delivery of (b)-------letters without (c)---involvement of (d)------postman. In this system of mailing message are sent with the help of a computer. In (e)- ----electronic mail or (f)------e-mail system (g)-----letter or any other document is typed and edited on a computer. It is sent to the addressee through (h)------- computer network in (i)---form of (j)----electronic signals.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
22.  English is (a)-----international language. It is spoken all over (b) ------world. So the importance of (c)---English cannot be described in words. All (d)-----books on higher education are written in English. Today organizations need employees who speak and write (e)----standard form of English. It helps (f)-----educated man to get a good (g)-----job. It is (h)------official or semi –official language all over the world. Ours is (i)-----age of globalization. We need to learn English to join the advanced world. So English has become (j)----essential matter for us.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
23.  Though (a)-----newspaper is not always (b)----unmixed blessing, it is (c)----most useful thing in (d)----our life. We can not think of (e)----day without it. To read newspaper is (f)----good habit.(g)-----more we read newspaper,(h)----more we can acquire (i)----knowledge; If we do not read it, we shall be like the frogs (j)---dark well.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

24.  Every woman is (a)-----potential mother.(b)-----future of a child depends on how it is brought up. In this case (c)-----educated mother plays (d)-----important role. She can bring up a child better than (e)-----illiterate  mother. So,(f)-----difference between (g)-----educated and (h)------uneducated mother can never be denied.(i)-----educated mother is an asset. She knows how to build up (j)---career of her child.
      Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……


25.  Everybody knows that sincerity is (a)-----key to success.(b)-----person can prosper in life by doing hard work. The man who does not follow (c)----rules of sincerity can never go (d)----long way in (e)-----world. Many (f)----man is not conscious of (g)-----importance of (h)----sincerity for which they don’t have (i)-----benefit of (j)----success. However, we should be sincere to our work.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

26.  Kamal is (a)—examinee. He has (b)—ill health. He heard about (c)—eminent doctor. He made (d)—appointment with (e)—doctor. On the fixed (f)—day he went to the doctor’s chamber. There he saw (g)—attendant writing (h)—serial and name of the(i)—junior M. B.B.S. doctor to help him. The junior doctor writes (j)—case history of the patient.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

27.  Man is (a)……social being and is (b)…..member of society. He has (c)….freedom of choice, thought and expression. But everybody should consider that he is not (d)….only person in society. There are many persons in (e)….society and they have (f)….same rights that one expects from one’s society. So to form (g)…..peaceful society, one should be watchful to see that other’s rights are not harmed. Every citizen must cultivate (h)….habit of obeying (i)…rules and regulations of (j)….society.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

28.  Makkah is an ancient (a)-------city. (b)------------first mosque of (c)--------world was built there. Hazrat Ibrahim built it. It is known as(d)----------Kaaba mosque. Many days have passed away. Suddenly a hole was found in (e)----------wall. Today people all over (f)--------------world go to Makkah. They spend a busy (g)------time there. They forget the activities of this (h)-------world. The Muslims of (i)----------whole world gather there and perform (j)------Hajj.
    Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

29.  Man is (a)-------architect of his own fate. If we avoid labour, we shall not be lucky. Some people think that (b)-----success in life depends on fate. But that is not correct. Hard work is necessary for getting success in every sphere of life. Industry is (e)-----key to success. Those, who depends on fate must always lag behind. It is (d)-----fact that industry makes everything different. If you become (e)-----industrious person, your life will be successful.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

30.  Money can not buy (a)-----happiness. Money is (b)-----must for our life. But it is not (c)-----necessary to bring our happiness. Happiness is absolutely (d)-------psychological thing. It is (e)—name of (f)-----feeling. It means the contentment of (g)-----mind. He who is satisfied with what he gets and content with his life is (h)-----really happy man. Happiness cannot be purchased with (i)---money. No doubt, money has got something to do with (j)----happiness but it cannot give us happiness.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
   
31.  Mr John is (a)------European. As he is (b)----English man and knows (c)----English well. He is (d)---honorable person to everyone though he is (e)------one eyed man. Having received (f)----.So ,he went to (g)------USA. His brother Tony lives there who joined (h)-----army. He is (i)---younger of two brothers. When John met his brother, Tony (j)------brother rose in him.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

          

32.  (a)……..the Olympic games started (b)…..long before (c)…..Christian era. There is (d)….village in Greece named (e)……Olympia. This has been named after (f)…..Olympic .Today the Olympic Games have become (g)….. extraordinary events in the world. This year Olympic Games  were in held in Beijing, China. China bagged (h)….highest gold medals in various events. This is to be (i)  (g)…..usual thing for (j)…….host country. How ever, for the first time , the USA failed to bag the highest gold.

33.  Our life is (a)-------sum total of hours, days and years. But all days are not equally memorable to us. Most of(b)------days are forgotten with (c)------passage of time. Only (d)-----few of these days remain ever fresh in our memory. My (e)-----days at school is such (f)------day. It is fresh in my mind even now when I was (g)------boy of six. My father proposed that I should be admitted into (h)----school in (i)-----class. I felt (j)-----both joy and fear.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

34.  Patriotism is a noble (a)----virtue. It inspires (b)----man to shed last drop of blood to defend the freedom of his country.(d)----man without patriotism is not better than(e)----beast. A true patriot is honoured by (f)-----all. He thinks for (g)-----welfare of his country. On (h)---other hand (i)----unpatriotic man thinks only of his own interest, Those who die (j)-----country are true patriots.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

35.  People think of (a)-----poverty as (b)----great evil and it seems to be (c)---accepted belief that if people had (d)----plenty of many, they would be happy and (e)----useful and more out of life. As (f)----rule there is more genuine satisfaction in life and more obtained from life in (g)---humble cottage of (h)----poor men than in (i)-----palaces of (i)----rich.
       Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
36.  Taimur was one of (a)—greatest conquers of the world. Young Taimur once attacked (b)—province of a powerful prince. He entered (c)—kingdom of (d)—prince and captured (e)—large village. It was situated far away from (f)—capital. When the news reached (g)—prince, he came with a large army. The area was surrounded on all (h)—sides. (i)—Taimur’s soldiers were all killed but Taimur escaped with (j)—great difficulty.
      Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

37.  Tenement house is(a)—dwelling which is (b)—jointly shared by(c)—owner and the (d)—tenants. It can be (e)—building divided into small and (f)—cheap dwelling unit occupied by (g)—different individual of households under the same roof. Usually these are a raw of houses with (h)—occupant sharing density. Therefore, this kind of development becomes cheaper than other types of (i)—housing solution and is availed by (j)—lower and middle-income households.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

38.  The compute is (a) ---fairly recent invention. It has now become (b)------essential (b)-------part of modern life. It has (c)-----greatly benefited us and brought about revolutionary changes in our life. Any device that helps people perform (d)-------mathematical calculations may be called (e)------computer. In this sense,(f)-----abacus is also (g)------simple computer. Today, however,(h)-----term computer’ refers to a special kind of (i)------electronic machine that can perform mathematical calculations and process large masses of information at (j)-------great speed.
     Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

      

39.  The internet has paved the way (a)…..sharing information and communication (b)….organizations and people. Communication can be made (c)…..the aid of internet. The government can use the internet for the purpose (d)…internet  Communication and supplying information. Shopping and banking can be done with the help the  internet. The internet helps the educational institutions (e)…conduct research   and impart education.
      Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

40.  The night before (a)—examination is one of (b)—anxiety to almost all examinees. (c)—degree of panic and anxiety depends on (d)—strength of their preparation and(e)—physical constitution. In fact, the night before (f)—examination is (g)—night of anxiety and peculiar. To overcome (h)—trouble of this night (i)—examinees should prepare their lesson much (j)—earlier and try to pass this night with an normal state of mind.
       Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

41.  The University of Dhaka is (a)….oldest in the country. It is also (b)….biggest among other universities. It was established in (c)….year 1921.Hundreds of (d)….students are admitted here every year. The total number of students will be all over (e)….thirty thousand. It has (f)….large number of teachers. It extends over (g)….vast area. It is known for its high standard of (h)….teaching. It is (i)….institution which makes us proud. It has produced many (j)….great scholars.
    Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

42.  The use of English as (a)…..common language of (b)….world has been growing so rapidly in recent years that no other explanation is needed to justify (c)….efforts of (d)…..hundreds of (e)…..thousands who every year set out about studying English. It is (f)…..interest of all those students who believe that (g)…….English should be taught properly and accurately in accordance with (h)…..certain clearly defined  and recognized standards. It is with a view to preserving and diffusing such (i)…..standards as examinations in English were instituted and the fact that many ten of thousands of students now take these examinations annually as (j)…..acknowledgement of just how successful the examining bodies have been setting and upholding these standards.
      Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

43.  Unemployment is (a)….great social evil. All(b)….able-bodied persons in a society should be engaged in any occupation.(c)….unemployed man has to lead a vagabond life. Life becomes (d)…..curse and burden to him. He has (e)….idle brain which very soon becomes (f)….devil’s workshop. There are many reasons of (g)….unemployment in our country. Bangladesh is not (h)……industrialized country. The mills and factories that we have can give employment to (i)….limited number of people similar is the case with (j)…..agriculture.
         Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

44.  When (a)….great poet Ferdousi began to write (b)….Shahanama, the Sultan promised him (c)…piece of gold for each(d)…..verses. Instead of giving gold coins, the Sultan offered the poet only sixty thousand silver (g)….coins. The poet refused to take the silver coins and left the court with (h)….broken heart. He was (i)….aggrieved man. Later on, the Sultan realized that he had made (j)….blunder.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……


     

45.  Women are now a days as (a)….important as men. They constitute nearly half of (b)…total population. So, there can be no denying (c)………fact that they too possess equal rights and duties as (d)….men do. If they get opportunity ,(e)………genius, powers and capacities will bloom fully.No nation can make (f)….real progress keeping a full half of its population in (g)…dark.Without (h)….uplift of women,(i)….progress of (j)….nation is not possible at all.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

46.  (a)….16 th December is (b)….red letter day in the history of Bangladesh. On this day we achieved victory at (c)….cost of (d)….bloody war. Bangladesh came into being as (e)….independent country. It occupied a place in the world(f)…..map. Every year ,we observe (g)….day with solemnity. We remember (h)….supreme sacrifice of our heroic sons. The day is (i)…..public holiday. The national flag is hoisted on (j)….top of the each house.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

47.  (a)…………21 st of February is (a)…..important day in our national calendar. On this day in 1952,valiant youths of (c)….soil laid down their lives to establish (d)……..honour of Bangla, their mother language. Their demand was to recognized Bangla as (e)……official language of (f)….state as it was (g)….language of most of (h)….population. Because of their sacrifice ,we have got (i)….Bangla as our official language. Now,Bangla is (j)….internationally recognized language.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

48.  Every student wants to be better in (a)------exam. But it is not (b)….easy work.(c)…..student has to do something for this. From (c)….very beginning he must be serious. He should read (d)…..texts again and again. He must not memorise (f)…..answer without knowing the meaning. He must not make notes from (g)….common source. He should have a good (h)….command over English. By doing all these things (i)….. student  can hope to make a good (j)….result.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
49.  Electronic mail, popularly known as e-mail is (a)….communication of message via electronic means. Although (b)…….telex communication is electronic in nature too, there are difference between (c)…..telex and (d)…..e-mail. Telex communication is terminal to terminal while ,(e)……electronic communication is user to user via (f)…..computer. In telex, messages destined to number of users are sent to (g)…..same terminal where it is distributed in a printed form by (h)…..operator. On (i)…..other hand, e-mail, is delivered to (j)…..individual electronic mail box based in a computer.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……
50.  Students are (a)------greatest force of (b)-----nation. (c)----ideal student is (d)----asset to any country. He has some qualities that can be followed. He gets up early in (e)----morning. He never wastes his time in vain. He always makes (f)—brilliant result in the examinations .He is a boy of (g)---good manners and character. He is truthful, honest, sincere and dutiful. He respects his parents ,teachers  and other superiors in (h)---polite way. He is helpful to his fellow students. He is never rude to anybody. He is (i)----student of high thinking and plain living. Infact, he is (j)---example for others to follow.
Answer (a)…..(b)……(c)…(d)……(e)…..(f)……(g)……(h)…..(i)……(j)……

Thursday, March 14, 2019

Assertive to interrogative



Assertive to interrogative

Rule 1:
অর্থের পরিবর্তন না করে সাহায্যকারী verb যুক্ত Assertive sentence কে interrogative এ রুপান্তর করার সময় sentence টি যদি affirmative হয় তাহলে – Auxiliary verb + n’t + subject + বাকী + ?
Note- assertive এ will, can, shall, am থাকলে interrogative এ রুপান্তর করার সময় won’t, can’t, shan’t, ain’t হয়.
Assertive – He is in the school.
Interrogative – Isn’t he in the school?
Assertive – You can do the work.
Interrogative – Can’t you do the work?
Rule 2:
Auxiliary verb যুক্ত negative অর্থবোধক Assertive sentence কে interrogative এ রুপান্তর করার সময় negative উঠে যায়। এবং সাহায্যকারী verb প্রথমে বসে। শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।
Assertive – He is not in the school.
Interrogative – Is he in the school?
Assertive – I shall not go to Dhaka tomorrow.
Interrogative – Shall I go to Dhaka tomorrow?
Rule 3:
Auxiliary verb বিহীন Assertive sentence interrogative এ রুপান্তর করার সময় –
Subject and tense অনুযায়ী don’t/ didn’t/ doesn’t বসে + subject + verb এর base form + verb এর পরের অংশ +?
Assertive – He played good football.
Interrogative – Didn’t he play good football? 
Assertive – She likes ice-cream.
Interrogative – Doesn’t she like ice-cream?
Rule 4:
Assertive sentence এ never থাকলে ever হয় এবং nothing থাকলে anything হয়। auxiliary verb না থাকলে Subject and tense অনুযায়ী প্রথমে আনতে হয়। শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।
Assertive – You never play football.
Interrogative - Do you ever play football?
Assertive – I have nothing to do?
Interrogative – Have I anything to do?
Note – Assertive sentence এর subject এ যদি nothing থাকে তাহলে nothing এর জায়গায় what বসে।
Assertive – Nothing can ruin him.
Interrogative – What can ruin him?
Rule 5:
Everybody/ everyone/all যুক্ত Assertive sentence কে interrogative এ রুপান্তর করার সময় Everybody/ everyone/all এর পরিবর্তে who বসে + Subject and tense অনুযায়ী don’t/ didn’t/ doesn’t বসে + verb এর base form + verb এর পরের অংশ +?
Assertive – Everybody wants to be win.
Interrogative – Who doesn’t wish to be win?
Assertive – Everybody/All loves flowers.
Interrogative – Who doesn’t love flower?
Rule 6:
Nobody/none/no one interrogative এ রুপান্তর করার সময় –
Nobody/none/no one এর পরিবর্তে who বসে + বাকী অংশ + ?
Assertive – Nobody could ever count my love for you.
Interrogative – Who could ever count my love for you?
Assertive – No one can beat him. 
Interrogative – Who can beat him?

Rules of changing voice : Page 3

Rule 7:
Subject + verb + object + present participle যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure: 
Object এর subject + tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + present participle যুক্ত অংশটি + by + subject এর object.
Active: I saw him playing cricket.
Passive: He was seen playing cricket by me.
Active: I took him for a friend.
Passive: He was taken for a friend by me.

Rule 8:
Double object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
দুইটা object এর যে কোন একটি subject করতে হয় (personal object কে subject এ রুপান্তর করলে ভাল) + verb এর past participle form + tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + প্রদত্ত বাকি object টি বসে + by + active voice এর subject টি object রুপে হয়।
Active: I gave him a flower. Passive: He was given a flower by me. Active: He teaches us math. Passive: we are taught English by him.

Rule 9:
Complex and compound sentence যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Complex and compound sentence যুক্ত active voice এ রূপান্তরের সময় উভয় clause এর voice পরিবর্তন হয়।
Active: I know that he did the work.
Passive: It is known to me that the work was done by him.
Active: He told me that he had done the work.
Passive: I was told that the work had been done by him.
Note: Active voice “people say” দিয়ে শুরু হলে It is said দিয়ে passive voice করাই ভাল।
Active: People say that the lion is the king of forest.
Passive: It is said that the lion is the king of forest.

Rule 10:
Intransitive verb যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
সাধারনত Intransitive verb এর passive voice হয় না। তবে Intransitive verb এর পরে preposition যুক্ত হয়ে যদি group verb গঠন করে এবং তা Intransitive verb হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয় তাহলে –
Structure: Object টি subject + tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + প্রদত্ত preposition + by + subject টির object।
Active: The truck run over the boy.
Passive: The boy was run over by the truck.
Active: They looked at the poor man.
Passive: The poor man was looked at by them.

Rule 11:
Reflexive object (myself, ourselves, yourselves, yourself, themselves, himself, herself) যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
Active voice subject টি অপরিবর্তিত অবস্থায় passive voice এর subject হিসেবে হবে + tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + by + Reflexive object বসবে।
Active: He hanged himself.
Passive: He was hanged by himself.
Active: You killed yourself.
Passive: You were killed by yourself.

Rule 12:
Factitive object/Complementary object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Factitive object/Complementary object( select, elect, nominate, make, call, name ইত্যাদি transitive verb থাকা সত্ত্বেও সম্পূর্ণ রুপে অর্থ প্রকাশ করতে পারে না। পরিপূর্ণ অর্থ প্রকাশ করার জন্য অতিরিক্ত object আনতে হয়। এইরুপ অতিরিক্ত object কে Factitive object/Complementary objectবলে।
Structure: 
নামবাচক object টির (me, us, you, them, him, her) object টি subject হয়। + tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + Factitive object + by + subject এর object।
Active: They made me captain.
Passive: I was made captain by them.
Active: We call him liar.
Passive: He is called liar by us.

Rule 13:
Cognate object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Cognate object এর সংজ্ঞা – কিছু intransitive verb তাদের সমর্থক object নিয়ে transitive verb হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়। এ ধরনের object কে Cognate object বলে।
Structure: Object টি subject + tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + by + subject টির object।
Active: He caught a fish.
Passive: A fish was caught by him.
Active: You ran a race.
Passive: A race was run by you.

Rule 14:
Infinitive যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject + মূল verb + infinitive এর পরের object (যদি থাকে) + to be + infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle form.
Active: He wants someone to take camera.
Passive: He wants camera to be taken.
Active: He wants you to write a letter.
Passive: He wants a letter to be taken.

Rule 15:
Gerund combinations অর্থাৎ advise/ propose/ recommend/ suggest + gerund + object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject + মূল verb + that + gerund এর পরের object টি + should be + প্রদত্ত gerund টি verb এ রূপান্তরিত হয়ে verb এর past participle form বসে।
Active: He suggested giving up smoking.
Passive: He suggested that smoking should be given up.
Active: He wanted playing football.
Passive: He wanted that football should be played.

Rule 16:
Agree, be anxious, arrange, determine, be determined, decide, demand, + infinitive + object object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject + মূল verb + that + infinitive এর পরের + object + should be + infinitive এর পরের 
verb এর past participle form.
Active: He decided to buy the house.
Passive: He decided that the house should be bought.
Active: You agreed to sell the house.
Passive: You agreed that the house should be sold.

Rule 17:
One + should যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
Object এর subject + should be + verb এর past participle form
Active: One should take care of one’s education.
Passive: Education should be taken care of.
Active: One should tell the truth.
Passive: Truth should be told.

Rules of changing voice : Page 2


Rule 5:
Imperative sentence এর active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
A) শুধু মাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
Let + object এর subject + be + verb এর past participle form
Active: Close the door.
Passive: Let the door be closed.
Active: Shut the window.
Passive: Let the window be shut.

B) Do not দিয়ে শুরু যুক্ত যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
Let not + object এর subject + be + verb এর past participle form
Active: Do not close the door.
Passive: Let not the door be closed.
Active: Do not shut the window.
Passive: Let not the window be shut.

C) Let এর পর যদি কোন ব্যক্তিবাচক object (me, us, you, them, him, her)থাকে এবং তা যদি Imperative sentence হয়, তাহলে active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure: 
Let + object এর subject + be + verb এর past participle form + by + ব্যক্তিবাচক object.
Active: Let me play football.
Passive: Let the football be played by me.
Active: Let us sing a song.
Passive: let a song be sung by us. 
Active: let him give the chance.
Passive: let the chance be given by him.

D) Never যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
Let not + object এর subject + ever be + verb এর past participle form
Active: Never tell a lie.
Passive: Let not a lie ever be told.
Active: Never do this.
Passive: Let not this ever be done.

E) মূল verb এর পর যদি কোন ব্যক্তিবাচক object (me, us, you, them, him, her) থাকে এবং তা যদি Imperative sentence হয়, তাহলে active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure: Let + direct object টি বসবে (মূল verb এর পর যে object টি থাকে + be + verb এর past participle form + for + ব্যক্তিবাচক object
Active: Buy me a shirt.
Passive: Let a shirt be bought for me.
Active: Give me a glass of water.
Passive: Let a glass of water be given for me.

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE

Rule 6:
Interrogative sentence যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
A) Structure: 
Interrogative sentence কে Assertive sentence এ রুপান্তর করে নিতে হবে + রুপান্তরিত Assertive sentence এর active voice থেকে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করতে হবে + এবার রুপান্তরিত passive voice এর auxiliary verb টিকে প্রথমে বসাতে হবে + শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে। **** Tense অনুসারে করতে হবে।
Example 1: 
Active: Have you eaten rice?
Assertive: You have eaten rice.
Assertive এর passive: Rice has been eaten by you.
Passive এ রুপান্তর: Has rice been eaten by you?
Example 2: 
Active: Is he reading a book?
Assertive: He is reading a book.
Assertive এর passive: A book is being read by him.
Passive এ রুপান্তর: Is a book being read by him?
Example 3: 
Active: Did you play football?
Assertive: You played football.
Assertive এর passive: Football was played by you.
Passive এ রুপান্তর: Was football played by you?

B) Who যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
Who এর পরিবর্তে By whom + tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + object এর subject + অনেক সময় tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে be/ being/ been বসাতে হয় + verb এর past participle form + ?.
Active: Who is playing football? 
Passive: BY whom is football being played?
Active: Who will help me?
Passive: By whom will I be helped?

C) Whom যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
Whom এর পরিবর্তে who + tense ও person অনুযায়ী
Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + by + subject এর object +?
Active: Whom did you see on the road?
Passive: Who was seen by you on the road?
Active: Whom has he murdered in this home?
Passive: Who is murdered by him in this home?

D) What যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure: 
What + tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + by + subject এর object +?
Active: What do you want?